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Architectural model production process

1. Preparation​

  1、software tools​

  （1） QGIS：This document is based on3.18 write
  （2） Blender：This document is based on3.1.0 write
  （3） BlenderGIS：forBlender plugin,Download address （Install BlenderGIS Methods are available on Baidu)

  2、Data requirements​

  （1） Data format:ESRI Shapefile
  （2） Coordinate system:WGS84 WebMercator（EPSG: 3857）
  （3） Data type: area data
  （4） Data attribute: must contain the attribute of building height, and the attribute name must be in English

  3、Data preprocessing【Optional】​

  （1） If there is a lot of building data, you can choose to split it into multiple files through attribute filtering;
  （2） Try to delete none in advancegeometry data, inQGIS Select tools【Remove null geometries】，Select the corresponding layer and check【Also remove empty geometries】

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  （3）The holes existing in the building data can be processed inQGIS selected in【Delete holes】，Select the corresponding layer and set the maximum area of ​​holes to be deleted, the default value"0"That is, delete all holes.

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  4、Blender Environmental preparation​

  （1）Delete scene default content:Click on the blank space-【A】-【Delete】

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  （2）Set up scene camera:【N】-【View】-expand"End"Value, in case not all objects in the scene can be displayed.

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  （3）Switch rendering mode:The default is the second"Entity mode display"，After adding the texture, you can switch to"Material preview mode display"。

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2. Model building process​

  1、Automatically generate models​

  （1）import shp document

    【GIS】-【Import】-【Shapefile】，Choose localshp file and confirm the import.

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  （2）Set build parameters

    exist"Import SHP"In the dialog box, check【Extrusion from field】，"Field"Select the attribute corresponding to the building height;"CRS"choose【Web Mercator】，Click【OK】，The building model will be built automatically.

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  2、Dealing with model holes​

  （1）Select the top surface of the hole

   i. Select edit mode and select face picking

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   ii. Click on the top surface of the hole on the model, as shown below:

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  （2）Select all top faces of holes

    【Select】-【Select Similar】-【Normal】

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  （3）Select hole model

   i. 【Select】-【Select Linked】-【Linked】

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   ii. 【Mesh】-【Normals】-【Flip】

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   iii. 【Mesh】-【Separate】-【Selection】，The hole model separation will be completed and the name is"XXXX.001"

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  （4）Remove hole model

   i. Keep"XXXX.001"Select the state and then switch to【Object Mode】，Right-click in the model display area,【Set Origin】-【Origin to 3D Cursor】

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   ii. Switch to zoom mode and followz Stretch the axis upward (blue axis)

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   iii. In the outline view, select the automatically generated model and click【Modifier Properties】-【Add Modifier】-【Boolean】

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   iv. "Object"Select hole model"XXXX.001"，【Apply】，The hole processing is now complete.

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   v. In the outline view, right-click"XXXX.001"，choose【Delete】，delete"XXXX.001"，Keep only the building models you need.

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  3、Process the top material​

  （1）Create top material

   i. Keep the building model selected and click【Material Properties】-【+】-【New】

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   ii. Set the material name of the top of the building to【Material_TOP】

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  （2）Apply top material

   i. Switch to edit mode, enter face selection mode, click to select a building top face, and then【Select】-【Select Similar】-【Normal】Select all building top faces.

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   ii. Click【Assign】，Apply material to building top surface

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  4、Processing wall materials​

  （1）Create wall material

   i. Click【Material Properties 】in【+ 】-【New】，Set wall material name【Material_WALL】（The material name must containWALL）

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   ii. Adjust to shader editing mode and select【Shader Editor】

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   iii.Change the local image (wall1.png）Drag it into the window to form a node, and output this node【Color】Connect to【Base Color】

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  （2）Apply wall material

   i. switch back3D view, select【3D Viewport】

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   ii. Continue steps3, in the state of selecting the top surface,【Select】-【Invert】，Select all building walls by inverting the selection.

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   iii. Click【Assign】，Apply materials to building walls

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   iv. Make wallUV set up,【UV】-【Reset】

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  5、Adjust model origin​

   i. Exit edit mode and return to【Object Mode】

   ii. Right-click in the model display area,【Set Origin】-【Origin to 3D Cursor】

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  6、Export model​

   i. 【File】-【Export】-【glTF 2.0 (.glb/.gltf)】

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   ii. Check if only selected layers will be exported【Selected Objects】

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  7、Multiple data processing​

   If there is more than one data, add process repeat steps1-6，When creating a material, reuse the previously created material. The operation is as follows:

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  8、View at origin​

   When providing it to the front end, you need to know the center point of the model, click【Scene Properties】 -【Custom Properties】，Check"longitude"and"latitude"value.

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